By: Greg Robidoux | Updated: 2016-09-01 | Comments (36) | Related: > Express Edition
Problem
One of the nice things about SQL Server is the ability to send email using T-SQL. The downside is that this functionality does not exist in SQL Server Express. In this tip I will show you how to build a basic CLR stored procedure to send email messages from SQL Server Express, although this same technique could be used for any version of SQL Server.
Solution
If you have not yet built a CLR stored procedure, please refer to this tip, CLR Functions - Getting started with a string sort function, for what needs to be done for the initial setup. Also, you need to make sure you enable CLR to be run for your SQL Server.
Overview
In this CLR stored procedure we are going to pass in these parameters:
- recipients - list of people to receive the email
- subject - subject line of the email
- from - who the email is from
- body - the body of the email
This is just the basic information to send an email. You could add as many parameters as you want to extend the functionality, but I kept it simple to illustrate how easy this is to do.
The code in this tip was taken from Sending HTML formatted email using SSIS Script Task.
Step 1 - CLR code
The first thing we need to do is to write the CLR code. This could be written in either C#.NET or VB.NET. In this example we are using VB.NET.
The following code has a Class (StoredProcedure) and a Stored Procedure (spSendMail). The stored procedure takes four parameters:
- recipients - list of people to receive the email
- subject - subject line of the email
- from - who the email is from
- body - the body of the email
Before you save the code you will need to change these two lines to include the data for your SMTP server and email account you will use to send emails:
- mySmtpClient = New SmtpClient("mail.yourservername.com") -- this should be your SMTP server
- mySmtpClient.Credentials = New NetworkCredential("email@domain", "yourPassword") -- this should be the email address and password to authenticate to your email server
After you have made these two adjustments save the code below in a file called: C:\SendEmail.vb.
Imports System.Net
Imports System.Net.Mail
Public Class StoredProcedure
<Microsoft.SqlServer.Server.SqlProcedure()> _
Public Shared Sub spSendMail(ByVal recipients As String, ByVal subject As String, ByVal from As String, ByVal body As String)
Dim mySmtpClient As SmtpClient
Using myMessage As New MailMessage(from, recipients)
myMessage.Subject = subject
myMessage.Body = body
myMessage.IsBodyHtml = True
mySmtpClient = New SmtpClient("mail.yourservername.com")
mySmtpClient.Credentials = New NetworkCredential("email@domain", "yourPassword")
mySmtpClient.Send(myMessage)
End Using
End Sub
End Class
Step 2 - Compile CLR Code
In order to use this code, the code has to be compiled.
The following command is run from a command line to compile the CLR code using the vbc.exe application. This is found in the .NET 4.0 framework directory. This may be different on your server or desktop. Also, this code should be compiled on the machine where the code will run.
So from a command line run the command as follows:
C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\vbc /target:library C:\SendEmail.vb
The code should now be compiled in a file called: C:\SendEmail.dll
Step 3 - Create Assembly and Stored Procedure
After the code has been compiled you need to create the assembly and the stored procedure within SQL Server. To do this, run these commands in the database where you want to use the function. For this example I am using the msdb database.
The assembly ties an internal object to the external DLL that was created and the stored procedure is similar to a normal SQL Server stored procedure.
For the stored procedure you will see the components that are referenced [SendEmail].[SendEmail.StoredProcedure].[spSendMail]
USE msdb GO CREATE ASSEMBLY SendEmail FROM 'C:\SendEmail.dll' WITH PERMISSION_SET = UNSAFE GO CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[spSendMail] @recipients [nvarchar](4000), @subject [nvarchar](4000), @from [nvarchar](4000), @body [nvarchar](4000) WITH EXECUTE AS CALLER AS EXTERNAL NAME [SendEmail].[StoredProcedure].[spSendMail]
If you get error messages when trying to compile the code you may need to alter the database using the following command and then try again to create the assembly and the stored procedure.
ALTER DATABASE msdb SET trustworthy ON
Step 4 - Test It
To test the stored procedure, run the following statement based on the values you want to pass.
In this example we are sending an email to "[email protected]".
EXEC spSendMail @recipients = '[email protected]', @subject = 'Email from SQL Express', @from = '[email protected]', @body = 'This is a test email from SQL Server'
In this example we are sending an email to "[email protected]" and "[email protected]".
EXEC spSendMail @recipients = '[email protected], [email protected]', @subject = 'Email two from SQL Express', @from = '[email protected]', @body = 'This is a test email from SQL Server'
Step 5 - Cleanup
If you want to remove these objects follow these steps.
- Delete the DLL that was created
- Delete the VB file that was created
- Run these T-SQL statements
USE msdb GO DROP PROCEDURE dbo.spSendMail GO DROP ASSEMBLY SendEmail GO
Summary
That's all there is to creating a CLR stored procedure to send email. This was a basic example and only offered a few options, but you can easily extend this to add other features. This was tested using SQL Server 2014, but this should work with SQL Server 2005 and later.
Next Steps
- If you do not have a way to send email from SQL Server give this CLR process a try
- If you are not running SQL Express take a look at these tips for setting up Database Mail which may be an easier way to go
About the author
Greg Robidoux is the President and founder of Edgewood Solutions, a technology services company delivering services and solutions for Microsoft SQL Server. He is also one of the co-founders of MSSQLTips.com. Greg has been working with SQL Server since 1999, has authored numerous database-related articles, and delivered several presentations related to SQL Server. Before SQL Server, he worked on many data platforms such as DB2, Oracle, Sybase, and Informix.This author pledges the content of this article is based on professional experience and not AI generated.
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Article Last Updated: 2016-09-01
